The Pyramids of Giza are a group of ancient monumental tombs located near Cairo, Egypt, built around 2600–2500 BCE during the Old Kingdom. There are three main pyramids: Great Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops) – the largest, originally about 146 metres (481 ft) tall and the only surviving Wonder of the Ancient World. Pyramid of Khafre – slightly smaller, appears taller because it sits on higher ground. Pyramid of Menkaure – the smallest of the three. They were built as royal tombs for pharaohs and aligned with remarkable astronomical precision. Construction involved millions of limestone blocks, moved using ramps, sleighs, and coordinated labour—likely skilled workers, not slaves. The site also includes smaller pyramids, temples, causeways, and the Great Sphinx, which is believed to represent Pharaoh Khafre. They remain a powerful symbol of ancient Egyptian engineering, religion, and belief in the afterlife.